Spring weight alone does not equal the playing field as was learned in the early days of the .40 S&W when some manufacturers simply put a .40 caliber barrel in their existing 9mm and increased spring weight accordingly. If you are reasonably proficient with arithmetic and using your precision measuring tools with a comfortable level of dexterity, you won’t have any problem using these techniques. The SR9 comes with an 18# captured recoil spring while weight used in the SR40 is 20#. If you're unsure, or just want options, check as many boxes as you'd like. Sierra’s data runs a bit warmer than Lyman’s does. I've been reloading 9mm for about 25 years and made a pretty comprehensive study of bullets, powders, loads, etc. As an example, if an ammo-maker loaded one of my 124 grain JHP loads at 1250 FPS you can be guaranteed that they’re gonna slap a +P label on it. That’s 432 ft/lbs of KE at the muzzle, and higher than that of the 230 grain .451 XTP, while its momentum of .751 lb-seconds is an appreciable increase in momentum over the subsonic load. While no set limit exists, there is the suggestion that it not exceed 40,000 PSI. That is my aim in writing it. The Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturing Institute (SAAMI) has set a pressure ceiling for standard pressure 9mm Para at 35,000 pounds per square inch (psi). As I stated, when I started out in the mid-eighties, the 9 x 19mm had a SAAMI pressure limit of 35,700 CUP. You just don’t want to load shorter than what is given by the data provider, and in many cases, it’s just not necessary to load as short. JHP, I’ll be fair with an average velocity of 975 FPS: 147 x 975 / 225218 = .636 lb-seconds, approximately 2/3 the momentum of the 230 grain .45 ACP load. 9mm caliber (355, 366 dia) 380 Automatic 90 380 Automatic 95 9mm Luger 115 9mm Luger 124 9mm Luger 125 9mm Luger 147 9mm Largo 9mm-Bergmann-Bayard 115 9mm Largo 9mm-Bergmann-Bayard 124 357 SIG 125 357 SIG 147. I recently stocked up on 115 gr. When my correspondent got up to the Maximum Charge of 3N38 and tried to seat the bullet to the recommended 29mm/1.142” OACL, the nose of the XTP was deformed from the powder compression. There is another that I’m familiar with from hydraulics, but BARS is typically used only by Europeans as well as measurements in Mega-Paschals. Recovered diameter is ¾” or better while the possibility of over-penetration is significantly reduced. I mention this not only as criticism but to make a recommendation from what I’ve done with my SR9 which weighs 26.5 oz. The +P data did the same. Many are not aware that the Texas Department of Public Safety preceded them by about 10 years with the same barrier tests when they ultimately adopted the SIGARMS P226 & P229 in .357 SIG. It did not distinguish itself as a combat round and there were flaws found with the S&W pistols chambered for it. Philip P. Massaro is the President of Massaro Ballistic Laboratories, LLC, a custom ammunition company, which is comfortably nestled in between the Hudson River and Catskill Mountains of Upstate New York.He has been handloading ammunition for 20+ years, and has loaded a wide range of pistol and rifle ammunition, from the lightest plinking loads through the heavy hitting cartridges … Why obsess with minimum OACL variations and exact powder charges? Search this Thread: Advanced Search. Completing the CAPTCHA proves you are a human and gives you temporary access to the web property. I’m mainly concerned with increases of .001” so I use my Mitutoyo dial caliper. When you believe that your handloads are near the SAAMI standard pressure limit of 35,000 PSI (or 33,000 CUP), start measuring case-heads before and after firing to see what is normal. Please. Depending on the powder used, I rarely see anything close to flattened primers with those loads. I sometimes load 185 and 200 gr. Pressure will decrease by loading longer. Momentum = M x V where the result is expressed in lb-seconds. Regarding my 230 grain .45 ACP load, at 863 FPS it was barely contained by the 4th one gallon water jug. 44 S&W Special. Penetration has never been a problem for 9mm 147grain JHPs except in the early days of the bullet and subsonic velocity when because of the slow velocities there were a number of over-penetration incidents that could have easily been solved with higher velocity/greater expansion, but only one man at the time had the solution: Peter Pi of CorBon. Now cleaner burning! I just line up 1 gallon water jugs touching back-to-back and fire my defense handloads into them from twelve feet after finding the average velocity of 10 rounds with their Standard Deviation firing from the bench with my chrono twelve feet from the muzzle before water testing. The shooting world believes that the FBI protocols for ammunition performance are the latest gospel. Sure, you’re wallet is a deciding factor, but low cost cast lead and particularly poly-coated lead bullets will stretch your shooting budget. +P Is maximum 38,500 PSI. With the Blue Bullet’s 125 grain RN-SWC over 6.2 grains of True Blue loaded to an OACL of 29mm/1.142” with a CCI-500 primer it’s a tack-driver from my 4.14” SR9. He had a definite improvement in accuracy. And, I mean a lot. 454 Casull. Do not try to seat and crimp in one operation. Whether you want to reload your own ammo for competitive or recreational purposes, we have a vast selection of reloading data to find that perfect pistol load. We’ll get into this some more when we dig into 9 x 19mm pressure. Runs 1350 fps. Repeat the test 4 more times to make sure the “dummy” consistently measures 1.175” each time. I got the load back in '89 from a "Taffin Tests" article in the Handloader magazine. In my opinion, it started with the inception of 9mm +P. 2.8 gr. 9MM Standard Pressure, as layed out by SAAMI Specifications is 35,000 PSI. From physics we now that energy is defined as the ability to do work. buck... in terms of a direct comparison, the 9mm +P cartridge is simply loaded at an increased PSI of 10% (38,500psi vs the standard 35,000psi per SAMMI pressure specs). For those who may not know, Accurate #7 was originally designed as a propellant for heavier 9mm bullets to be fired from submachine guns. The Lyman manual lists pressure for their 147 grain TMJ load at 29,000 CUP. Again, sectional density comes into play here. Also be aware that some 9mm pistols like the Ruger SR9 will allow for a longer OACL than what will function in its magazines. We know the pressure rating for +P, but +P+ is a bit of a pink elephant in my opinion. Select your cartridge type from the drop-down list. Discouraging newer handloaders against taking the time to develop technical competency is particularly high on my list of grievances. Its pressure rating was established by CIP and it is set at 36,500 PSI. Magnum. Case expansion from standard pressure loads near or at the top end will tell you what your particular chamber allows case expansion to be. Penetration completely through 4 jugs is excessive and a lack of expansion will be the culprit. Since different presses and dies have different tolerances I recommend that you shorten your defense loads by .010” shorter than the “dummy.” Just as in the case of your best hunting rifle load, the bullet of your handload should NOT be touching anything in the throat/leade upon cartridge ignition. Just keep in mind that in .45 ACP and its much lower operating pressure your Silhouette loads will run better close to or at Max. Some shooters just don’t want to have to deal with it whether it be for physical or fiscal reasons where you need to shoot as often as your schedule allows; not necessarily what your wallet allows. Silhouette, True Blue and Accurate #7 have the demonstrated pressure stability that is essential. Now, I know that there are some great defense loads available today. My quick and dirty description of Standard Deviation is that it will tell you how far your velocities are spread about the norm calculated by the chronograph. Some will tell you that the piezoelectric transducer system (PSI) is superior to the copper crusher (CUP) method as far as consistency of the peak pressure measurements. In many cases those “experts” should do the same. I shoot and love both but I don’t use any subsonic defense load in 9mm. One unique example unto itself being the Remington Golden Sabers (if you can find any) and that we’ll discuss as well as a possible solution for pistol barrels/chambers with short throats. Powder Bul Weight C.O.L. Plan to use in two accurate CZ's, a 85 and 75BD. My particular problem with this is the high degree of dependency on performance in ordnance gelatin and we’ll get to more of that later. None of the techniques I will offer are particularly difficult. for Max. They share a common feature with Hornady’s Interlock rifle bullets with both having an internal interlocking ring that binds the core to the jacket. of 1.169”. As far as power factor for the loads, one of the more powerful rounds commonly found in .40 S&W are the 165 grain versions at 1150 FPS. With 230 gr. In the early part of the article they mention that +P ratings were derived, in some cases, from the cartridges previous rating before being lowered. The nose is round, but like a SWC the shank above the shoulder/driving band is smaller in diameter. Either the ballistician at that time didn’t understand my questions, or I failed to get them across concisely enough. I looked in my Lee 2nd Edition reloading manual and see that for Bullseye powder it gives the starting load of 4.7 gr, and the max load of 4.9 gr. XTP that chronographs around 1125 FPS from my 4.14” Ruger SR9. Western’s former ballistician, Johan Loubser who was with Accurate Powder Company when they were acquired by Western, once told me that the CIP system was the most accurate of the 3 and expected SAAMI to adopt it in the future. JHP loads at 1250 FPS produce 430 ft/lbs of KE at the muzzle with .688 lb/seconds of momentum. I do use a formula of my own to find the approximate powder charge needed to maintain the same pressure when OACL is lengthened. Using power factor as a means to look at slide velocity in recoil, it doesn’t take long to figure out that the same pistols made for .40 S&W and .357 SIG, where other than bore diameter, the greatest difference is slide mass. My background in design and related engineering disciplines was a great benefit to me, but none more so than the handloaders who preceded me whom made invaluable contributions in writing from their own experience. Production rate is not one of them. CIP has since lowered that to just above 34,000 PSI. Keep that in mind when you select your next 9 x 19mm pistol. Charge at which time you should start measuring case-head diameter before and after firing. You don’t have to obsess, particularly not with high pressure pistol cartridges. Some of the data is good for other bullets and developed by a different ballistician. 9mm Luger (Parabellum) Load Data. For comparison, my 124 gr. Min Charge Max Charge Optimal Charge Bullet Make Bullet Type Primer Notes; Accurate - Nitro 100 NF: 115 gr. They, like some handloaders will tell you is that +P ammunition is approximately 10% over standard pressure and how the +P limit of 38,500 PSI was reached. Even at similar OACL I have never seen a Golden Saber that didn’t require a higher powder charge compared to a JHP with a copper jacket. In the case of new handloaders and loading for any handgun cartridge I’ve always advised that they use a powder that will fill at least 50% of the case. to 147 gr. The shooting world believes that the FBI protocols for ammunition performance are the latest gospel. Load them fast enough that they can mimic the recoil of your carry load. I began using the Vihta Vouri powders when they first became available and have worked up to Max loads rated 36,300 PSI/CIP. I recently saw the question of handgun cartridge energy come up and it was addressed succinctly by an experienced hand who simply stated ( to those who believe handgun rounds do not have enough kinetic energy to make any difference in terminal performance ) “shoot the same weight/same velocity FMJ ( or any non-expanding bullet ) and JHP into water jugs and see if you notice any difference. Then select your bullet weight, powder manufacturer and powder type. While we’re on this subject, let me state that these authors conclude that: “The key advantage of the piezoelectric transducer is the ability to generate the complete pressure-versus-time history of the internal ballistic process, whereas the copper crusher gage is capable of measuring on the peak magnitude of the pressure pulse.”. JHP like the XTP. There is one measurement we’ll be making where a micrometer can be used, where with the greater number of graduations for those mics that are accurate to and read to 1/10,000”, that’s one Ten-Thousandth, you can read changes to a more finite scale although not a necessity. Some respected experts and trainers advise against this practice while the incidents of prosecution after a defense shooting because handloads were used are as rare as hen’s teeth. Always cross-reference load data with manufacturer’s published data. The 115 grain XTP has a sectional density of .130 and sectional density has a great effect on penetration. Your handloads must function with at least 100% reliability! Find a place where you can. This does not mean your gun will "blow up" if you exceed these specifications by 1 PSI. Click "Get Data" to view results. What are some of your load data and powder recommendations that you use to duplicate +P or +P+ loads in 115gr. As I was coming up in handloading and listening to the same old worn out debates on 9mm vs. .45 ACP I would see energy disparaged because of velocity being squared in the formula appearing to give the advantage to the faster bullet. One side benefit that can be useful is that they almost invariably give lower and less offensive muzzle-flash, which at night can rob you of your visual acuity after the first round is fired. 115 Grain. I don’t use the tools personally because I use an older and proven technique. This is not about making light paper punching loads; it’s about realistic training and learning how to deal with recoil. I am completely self taught through the writings of true experts and I am glad for it. Remember, these are specific cases and I’m only going to recommend Accurate #7 here because it has few peers when it comes to loading the 147 grain JHPs. I think you’ll find that the majority use 10 shot strings. That leaves an additional 4000 CUP to work with before the load is technically +P. Accept no substitute! Ultimate Reloader is not responsible for errors in load data on this website. The real questions that I would suggest that you ask yourself here is: 1.
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