characteristics of multimedia operating system

is computer software that connects the end-user to the computer hardware. EMBEDDED SYSTEMS BASICS: Embedded system is described as a manner of running, acting or organizing one or many tasks in keeping with a set of rules (or) an association in which all the devices collect and paintings collectively in step with the program or plan. Hardware demands by multimedia Calculate the size of the following audio files (answer in Mb, correct to 2 decimal places): 1. 0000006487 00000 n The multimedia computer system stores, represents, processes, manipulates, and makes available to users. 0000003139 00000 n A typical multimedia system consists of three major components: hosts under the control of the operating system, the filing system, and the transport or communications system. Audio and video files can be stored on the disk. Characteristics of a Multimedia Systems System resources include CPU cycles, … It includes typical Smartphone applications like address book, calendar, to-do lists, and telephone capabilities. The completeness and quality of the kernel/microkernel simplifies implementation of such services, and potentially enables service providers greater choice of providers for such services. 0000002924 00000 n Retrieved from reference.com. What are the characteristics of an operating system? The operating system, memory files shared by the number of users in the network from the server. Moreover, operating systems may get the task to handle different kinds of data as well which comes in the category of multimedia. V��~�_��-{&B� � �F&�0N Z��A�Z�M�L�K@�c�lϻ��m�?dEd �'��a�.��;�R�T��z�-�zQG� u��n��O.t��$�#�W9*�z�� 2�m��`�(��t�vD��\9_��B$;1x�6p�>E��̆��_�w+L��I��r`��YY9��C~G�K͊R%1��w��&��Q��Y g��vs�Z�~��j&��K,�1J{k>��u�6i��d��hAMF�+�\�Pwu��VY�)�h�WzƔc�g�ѥ4�k�"X��c'��Q&�C�*�G��8��TL�VuѵGJ��KX6>38��O��[�-�_x\J8s��}�� t endstream endobj 184 0 obj 427 endobj 185 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 184 0 R >> stream But here the data is spatio-temporal in nature and hence involves issues like real time scheduling and synchronization. �o4�꥚0S2��s!¹ ~8E�.�}��`ZH�ya��}3&_f�q��#f��d4_��q��8/ �� endstream endobj 182 0 obj 530 endobj 183 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 182 0 R >> stream What is multimedia file? Operating system for Personal Computers (PC) are single user OS. The core part of an operating system is its core. 0000005229 00000 n H�b```f``q``e`�b�e@ ^�� y��oH��mX+��`_{�f��5��+ ;e:�jyiD>n�Ӿ��Cдm�^Q׶{�w�X��5�̊f��[ GD�nk�0dU(�]��!+.�� `�P�!�D� �ۮ(V�� A driver provides a software interface to hardware devices, enabling operating systems and other computer programs to access hardware functions without needing to know precise details about the hardware being used. Characteristics of Operating systems: Single-and multi-entrusting. A multimedia systems has four basic characteristics: 1. To explore the operating-system requirements of multimedia data, including CPU and disk scheduling and network management. 0000003422 00000 n IRIX operating system is used in the UNIX system V and LINUX. Power consumption : This is a very important factor for all embedded system which are powered by batteries. Properties of multimedia system's | Characteristic of multimedia System 1. Read More – What is Single User Operating System. The data characteristics of this system are quite different from the traditional data, which is well understood. Multimedia systems areintegrated. § Single-user, multi-tasking: It allows execution of more than one task or process concurrently. 0000006936 00000 n Microsoft Operating Systems: features and requirements. Obviously multimedia system needs additional support from the operating system. Think of a digital video, wherein a frame of color video is displayed at a resolution having 800 x 600. Multimedia computer system has high capacity to integrate different media including text, image, graphics, audio, and video. once a book is published it never changes. 169 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 171 /H [ 1088 610 ] /L 144497 /E 11057 /N 28 /T 140998 >> endobj xref 169 32 0000000016 00000 n Android is a powerful operating system and it supports a large number of applications in Smartphones. The android is software that was founded in Palo Alto of California in 2003. M�5��D�e��'&��~�� G��;��qt�H��H$�DUK�pTVU��\��3��)m!q�2�d�Z��R��ԟ� .��GI�dZ8��.B�0��yG9+��M3L�0.�r-�,cJ\�?�0�x�q��`D�kO�z:$�&A�Bs��U�`��P��:�c�ĵ�? For this, the processor time is divided amongst different tasks. Hardware demands by multimedia 45. The characteristics of embedded system are measurable features during the implementation of system.. Power consumption : This is a very important factor for all embedded system which are powered by batteries.So the amount of power will be consumed by the system, which decides the capacity or lifetime of battery. 0000003252 00000 n It manages the internal memory … An operating system protects from destruction as well as from unauthorized use. 0000007578 00000 n a�+�kJ @�,��l�2:��M=�dߘ%�� 5��%Vi�P��СS��0��a؋�LP� @�A�`^t-�1B�!D�`,n(�ڼ�/?�ʑo6[QE��Q��ͻKas5��u1c� T�t��`��j��K�*5s�� E|��3`��2�jǷ�(��:�H��8̻��#�_��Oǧ�O ��l8Wf��=��Cc��),�t�HQ�*Z$�?�� %��;�w�쳂�*H��m|�� endstream endobj 188 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /Times-Italic >> endobj 189 0 obj 492 endobj 190 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 189 0 R >> stream The demands of multimedia systems are nothing like the demands of conventional applications. H��A�� ~�w��9wvf�ԃ��(��bFp��M3�cN��ߟ��޲\p�m�`B��}�8�W��8�q�3{'�7��#>��6�%��&Mϓ3.xF�uo��K �C��Koj|��1y %h��{��J��'��@Z�.�e�X׹�@��:��d`T�ʟ�`��s�+S��oi�%M1m6jȃ ��I�;��u�F$��?n�BKV�i�0��+Io�*�{�p��m�u�|�~1Q�6�3�>e|��?�� I��}M��=�ʩ��l��a�p�Uo׉�G~[��}��'�/��p�fNk�J��ұ]>�H_쀐W��aZc�z��Q�F�bK]��y�C�yP:��z�a^tX�� c$ endstream endobj 186 0 obj 454 endobj 187 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 186 0 R >> stream The interface to the final presentation of media is usuallyinteractive. The characteristics of multimedia have found its way in various fields of professional lines and hence have made its importance felt in the common world. an interactive MM product holds dynamic data which can change depending on actions by both author and the user in many different ways. The operation system assists the … Multimedia concept also includes live webcasting (i.e. Characteristics of an operating system. Later, in 1991, it was Linus Torvalds, a 23-year-old computer science student from the Un… BlackBerry operating system: The BlackBerry operating system is an e-mail based operating system introduced in a Smartphone device developed by the Canadian company, Research In Motion (RIM). The characteristics of embedded system are measurable features during the implementation of system. H��T=�� +��e�{Of�*�R�� Today monolithic nuclei are … %PDF-1.3 %�� Aspects like low cost, compressed size, and simple design make them very popular. F�6@~�. The operating system has developed a lot in the last 15 years starting from black and white phones to recent smartphones or mini computers. Characteristics of a Multi Task Operating System. A recent trend in technology is the incorporation of multimedia data into computer systems. A multi-client operating system expands the fundamental idea of multi-entrusting with offices that recognize procedures and assets, for example, circle space, having a place with different clients, and the framework allows various clients to associate with the framework in the meantime. Hardware demands by multimedia 46. ?=Xr�&]*k�cwooq�L�tf��t`� `04oYG.�e{r��7�&_7@�U��D��P^��o�yc�I��sֿ� The following characteristics are typical of many real-time systems: Simple and Single purpose ; Small size ; Inexpensively mass-produced ; Specific timing requirements ; Reliability ; Performance; Simple and Single Purpose. Do not … Multimedia data gets stored in the file system just as any other data. • Real-time software: This class of software observes, analyzes, and controls real world events as they occur. Multitasking Systems Most modern operating systems allow running multiple tasks both: a computer can, while executing a user program, read the data from a disk or display results on a terminal or printer. The main dissimilarity between a regular file and multimedia file is that the multimedia files have to be accessed at an exact rate but accessing a regular file requires no particular timing. The webpage will automatically judge the operating system used by your system and hence suggest the version accordingly. Multimedia applications should not have to be either audio or video; instead, a multimedia application can include a mixture of both. The framework that manages different types of multimedia data which can be stored, delivered and utilized in different ways is known as multimedia database management … Let's take an example; a 100-minute MPEG-1 video file uses roughly 1.125 GB of storage, 100 minutes of high-definition television needs roughly 15 GB of storage. 0000001676 00000 n To examine several algorithms used to compress multimedia data. 0000007556 00000 n Multimedia systems must be computer controlled. What is a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)? Solaris 0000008146 00000 n Here the system processes mean Servers. DYNIX. In case, if any device fails, the operating system detects and notify. z/OS® has several characteristics that distinguish it from other mainframe operating systems. Significant Features of Multimedia Computer System. A detailed explanation of each characteristic follows, system exists within a larger world, an environment. These … ... Real-time operating systems should consider timing requirements by using scheduling algorithms that give real-time processes the … 0000000991 00000 n In a RTOS, Processing time requirement are calculated in tenths of seconds increments of time. A recent trend in technology is the inclusion of multimedia data within computer systems. example video games holds different levels of use and postpones of various players The information they handle must be representeddigitally. The word multimedia depicts a large range of applications which are in popular use now-a-days. The other programs are called applications or application programs. A Network Operating System (NOS) is a software program that controls other software and hardware running on a network. H�T�Mo�0�� Every operating system has got its own characteristics. That being said, cooperative multitasking systems can still be found in RISC operating systems nowadays. For instance, a real-time system needs an application to meet the average deadlines of a set time with minimal variability while processing an external event. For example, if there was a presentation to be presented on a standard 20 inch display for a school assembly, than the issue of everyone at the assembly to view the presentation is limited due to the size of the screen. You can store your desired audio and video files and able to play it later on demand. In a Distributed Operating System, each user thinks that running on a single large system with one operating system. Multimedia files can also be stored on a remote server and delivered to a client across a network with a technique called streaming. Performance: real-time operating systems are designed to make work easier. 0000004068 00000 n While operating systems used on small devices may be relatively small and simple, popular operating systems like Windows, OSX and Linux provide drivers for a wide range of devices and a user interface. Although the history of Linux begins to be written a little later, its origins make us go back to the early 80s, when Richard Stallman started the GNU Project with the purpose of creating a similar and UNIX compatible operating system. In computing, a device driver is a computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer or automaton. Sampling rate of 22.05 kHz with a 8 bit sound for 2 minutes in stereo 2. 0000004046 00000 n Multimedia is an increasingly important part the mix of applications that users run on personal computers and workstations. AIX. There are two types of streaming techniques: With a progressive download, any media file having both audio and video can be downloaded and stored on the users' local file system. H��SMo�0��W��>�;��P It is a requirement for every computer to possess at least one O.S. They have a nucleus. Real-time streaming varies from progressive download wherein the media file gets streamed to the client but can be only played—and not stored/downloaded — by the client. Ease of distribution include the methods of presentation that are used to allow individuals to have access/view the multimedia system. To identify the characteristics of multimedia data. A boundary separates the system from its environment. Mostly, a rate of 24 to 30 frames per second has to be necessary for the video for appearing smooth to human eyes. As a result, this on-line lesson is abreviated. As such, the developer should provide a system that is easily assimilated with existing software and hardware as well as aligned to … This term covers a large category that includes audio and video files like MP3 audio files, movies, short video clips and flash / animation files of movie previews or news stories that are being downloaded via the Internet. These systems, today, play a vital role in many devices, equipment instrumentation and home appliances and is likely to continue in the recent future. operating system (OS): An operating system (OS) is the program that, after being initially loaded into the computer by a boot program, manages all the other programs in a computer. There are numerous characteristics of Multiprocessor operating system, explain below The Multi processor system allows making communication in between multiple CPUs with their share memory and input/output devices. A single-tasking framework can just run one program at any given moment, while a multi-entrusting operating system enables in excess of one program to keep running in simultaneousness. T.Plagemann, V.Goebel, P.Halvorsen, O. Anshus, "Operating system support for multimedia systems",Computer communications,23,3,pp 267-289,(2000). Sampling rate of 44.1 kHz with a 16 bit sound for 3 minutes in stereo 3. Flexibility in a distributed operating system is enhanced through the modular and characteristics of the distributed OS, and by providing a richer set of higher-level services. A Micro-Kernel Architecture is a minimal operating system that performs only the essential functions of an operating system. 0000001918 00000 n In this volume, we present fundamental characteristics and properties of multimedia operating and communication systems. Operating system characteristics. Multimedia data consist of continuous-media (audio and video) data as well as conventional files. its is static. Context Switch: Context switching refers to when a multitask operating system executes one jobs and then does another. The Operating systems are different according to the three primary characteristics which are licensing, software compatibility, and complexity. If you are interested in this system, we show below what Linux is, history, main features and distributions. broadcasting over the World Wide Web) of various events or sports. Here are the characteristics of an operating system: It allows executing several programs at the same time, but it is the operating system that determines the priority among the programs, that is to say, it is the one that decides which is the order of opening the same ones and the time that they will last open while they are not in use. 0000002531 00000 n H��Mo�0��s��2�gls�� 13 Chapter 2 Characteristics and Requirements of Multimedia Data 2.1 INTRODUCTION In Chapter 1 we defined a multimedia system as being capable of simultaneously sup- porting the processing and communication of multiple media types with at least one time-continuous medium, such as digital audio and video. Characteristics of real-time systems and their issues related to designing both soft and hard real-time operating systems are given below. 2. 0000002104 00000 n Mostly, multimedia systems may have the below-mentioned characteristics: Scheduling Algorithms of Operating System, File System Interface in Operating System, File System Implementation in Operating System, Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) (10). A mobile operating system, sometimes called a mobile OS for short, is an operating system that runs only on mobile devices. 0000003034 00000 n The characteristics of the audio and video files are very different from the traditional text files that the current file system were designed for. 0000006465 00000 n H��SK��0��W�і�kǏ�WBZ��FBq��5j�b�-ˉ��8��p��q��t%�5��e��\� �ls �Ĵb�'��b�Kf� %�m%�&�[ƭM��c��6o�պ�8�%�� V*U��7��JȧuK��Z�/�r��~sOs�$YJM��j�Ȇ��Z@-�UK��ԕ��r��2�� System processes perform all other operating system functions. Real-time operating system (RTOS) is an operating system intended to serve real time application that process data as it comes in, mostly without buffer delay. 0000003293 00000 n An object-oriented operating system is an operating system that uses object-oriented designprinciples. So the amount of power will be consumed by the system, which decides the capacity or lifetime of battery. Multimedia applications are quite sensitive to time delays at some point in playback. One of the most widely used mobile OS these days is android. ;@��լ��it��4a�B��-ƒc)��`M Consider it the backbone of … Continuous media data vary from conventional data like that where continuous media files — such as frames of video or images or audio files — must be delivered according to certain time restrictions. 0000004678 00000 n H��MK1��9f��$�\=x��Ad++t��7�i�t[. Following are the major features multimedia computer system − Time-sharing operating systems plan errands for proficient utilization of the framework and may likewise inco… Key characteristics of distributed systems are Resource Sharing Resource sharing means that the existing resources in a distributed system can be accessed or … 7�@�A%�at�z؇�n�41�Q��1��u'o�۽�&��`8A�9p.� ��9� 0000005763 00000 n =#��p�c��R2疜wU��ێ�l��~X��J"gW�&�Tc��]\�9��tEpI�D?f�Zhl��ޯ��Cw��n��x-�X�sG��c��e��.6'Ja{�_�=��t��/X�P5��]��2��t K�F�#N�Q:��0��#t٫2A4E��! 0000005207 00000 n Multimedia files can be relatively large. Examples of embedded structures are an eye and washing system.. An embedded device is a machine that has … Such a system can consist of a wireless network, Local Area Network (LAN), or even two or … In earlier chapters, you might have learned about how operating systems handle general data, like text files, programs, binary files, word-processing documents and also spreadsheets. to direct other programs. 0000004700 00000 n As I was working on this lesson, it occurred to me that I was just paraphrasing the book for this material. AIX operating system is designed for IBM RS/6000 computers. QOS can only be guaranteed when the required system resources are properly man- aged. It also allows multiple computers, known as network computers, to communicate with one central hub and each other to share resources, run applications, and send messages. The full form of RTOS is Real time operating system. The defining characteristics of z/OS are summarized as follows: The use of address spaces in z/OS holds many advantages: Isolation of private areas in different address spaces provides for system security, yet each address space also provides a common area that is accessible to … IRIX. Distributed Operating System: A Distributed Operating System is an operating system that runs on a network of computers. Today, monolithic kernels are the most popular. TZj$�V=�4�T��d�r�3v�H=l%>ɓx^��͹� �P=TJ��,4g��r��/�ܲ�y=cQ��@�tFr��1�z�y��$"�B��B��OwӾ��q��=�m��C�N�4�,{⪹`��)��z�� p Multimedia is an increasingly important part the mix of applications that users run on personal computers and workstations. Continuous media might need very high data rates. A Real-Time Operating System is basically … MICROS operating system maintains the balance load of data while allotting the jobs to all nodes of entire system. While Windows is the operating system with the largest presence on computers around the world, more and more users are beginning to give Linux a try. Multimedia system is defined by computer controlled, integrated production, manipulation, presentation, storage and communication of independent information, which is encoded at least through a continuous and discrete media. The two systems are separate. trailer << /Size 201 /Info 167 0 R /Root 170 0 R /Prev 140987 /ID[<9ea6b9a226cfc01b5fce8bdd53bd5e69><7a21c5e04174d407dc2a30358ada3926>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 170 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 164 0 R /Metadata 168 0 R /PageLabels 162 0 R >> endobj 199 0 obj << /S 564 /L 665 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 200 0 R >> stream Multimedia Operating Systems. a) is same as any other regular file b) must be accessed at specific rate c) stored on remote server can not be delivered to its client d) none of the mentioned View Answer As the media file does not get stored on the client system, real-time streaming is much preferred to progressive download for media files which might be too large to store on system, like long videos and Internet radio or TV broadcasts. It can work for … When any data gets delivered from the local file system, you can refer to that delivery as 'local playback'. The term is used ambiguously due to the varying time constraints for real-time systems. Multimedia database is the collection of interrelated multimedia data that includes text, graphics (sketches, drawings), images, animations, video, audio etc and have vast amounts of multisource multimedia data. @�VZK��a�(�%�^�|�g�6��ԩ�n29gJVWWO0;�Z��T�I$z�ͳ�F8��h��!j?�� gRk4N?�(c0hu� ��}��'��J"I��'%�XT�o��-�M�S� -��r endstream endobj 191 0 obj 369 endobj 192 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 191 0 R >> stream A system that contains the server is called the Client-Server Model. Read More – What is Single User Operating System. Operating System Concerns for Multimedia Ashish Ranjan Jaydeep Punde Arun Singal Department of Computer Science Florida International University Miami, Florida. • The OS offers various services related to the essential resources of a computer: CPU, main memory, storage and all input and output devices. �F��r�w7��٬7~:'�Rh�S��;� �&�h��L�T�Ӌ0P~�n�ܢaNBv�Dǎ#��m7�P�uꨲ�0��S�.�gwj�V�G�4c��X� Continuous media might need very high data rates. The requirements placed on a multimedia operating system are demanding and often conflicting. Major characteristics Multimedia presentations may be viewed by person on stage, projected, transmitted, or played locally with a media player. An operating system that despite its great importance in certain areas, is the most unknown at the desktop level. Abstract: Multimedia is an increasingly important part the mix of applications that users run on personal computers and workstations. Applications like Ms. Excel, games, chrome, etc. 0000003400 00000 n Every system must solve a problem or reduce the workload. Operating system characteristics Here are the characteristics of an operating system: It allows executing several programs at the same time , but it is the operating system that determines the priority among the programs , that is to say, it is the one that decides which is the order of opening the same ones and the time that they will last open while they are not in use. The transport system includes the transport protocol and the underlying network architecture. In 1985, the Free Software Foundationwas created and the GNU General Public License was developed to have a legal framework that would allow this software to be freely disseminated. V�x�"L�t�b�@��[ -"&�E�O374K��e��x�ֹ��#y�DI,r�[�Dg��H8:�U��r�=nN ��±�ߞf(I��ͥH:#�]@�ĺ��hdY�#%O�.tQ(l��ƣ�޷b�N��@��t�&��eL`�H�̌h�I1Xtt@��QPl\�cq�� e��&%��6�[P,��AZ|5�10q0i �;@��'a�d`1kC0�a� �*��W309 ��焙��Qx�c��G�=�]��X��$� ��x ` ��H endstream endobj 200 0 obj 494 endobj 171 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 163 0 R /Resources 172 0 R /Contents [ 181 0 R 183 0 R 185 0 R 187 0 R 190 0 R 192 0 R 194 0 R 196 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] /Rotate 270 >> endobj 172 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 175 0 R /F2 176 0 R /F3 177 0 R /F4 179 0 R /F5 188 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 197 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 178 0 R >> >> endobj 173 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 352 >> stream One of the new features of the textbook for the course is a detailed discussion of multimedia operating systems, in particular, issues involved in the design of an operating system whose primary job is serving videos. 0000005871 00000 n 0000001698 00000 n Operating system 1 Characteristics and Functions of an Operating System An operating system (O.S.) A real-time operating system has certain distinguishing characteristics. The requirements placed on a multimedia operating system … Mostly, multimedia systems may have the below-mentioned characteristics: Multimedia files can be relatively large. The core part of an operating system is its kernel. !�Y��FF��ޞ� �P�] This post discusses what is Embedded System, its characteristics, types, advantages and disadvantages. 1. 2 Operating System concerns for Multimedia Abstract: A multimedia system comprises of audio+video+data. Broadcasts and recordings can be either analog or digital electronic media technology. For example, a system in the payroll department keeps track of checks, whereas an inventory system keeps track of supplies. ... almost all the operating system can be called as multimedia operating system. Let's take an example; a 100-minute MPEG-1 video file uses roughly 1.125 GB of storage, 100 minutes of high-definition television needs roughly 15 GB of storage. z/OS® has several characteristics that distinguish it from other mainframe operating systems. After studying multimedia characteristics and multimedia system requirements, this paper presents a new operating system for multimedia … The data characteristics of this system are quite different from the traditional data, which is well understood. For example, an operating system is a system software, which controls the hardware, manages memory and multitasking functions, and acts as an interface between application programs and the computer. The defining characteristics of z/OS are summarized as follows: The use of address spaces in z/OS holds many advantages: Isolation of private areas in different address spaces provides for system security, yet each address space also provides a common area that is accessible to every address space. References . The GUI is the same for the windows having the same family, but they may vary from the others like the Windows 8 is different from windows 7 and it happens in such sense that there is the start button for the windows in windows 7 while in windows 8, on would not … The faster the frames are displayed to users the smoother the video looks. This set of Operating System Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Multimedia Systems”. But here the data is … Multimedia operating systems • The operating system provides a comfortable environment for the execution of programs, and it ensures effective utilization of the computer hardware. DYNIX operating system is developed for the Symmetry multiprocessor computers. We talk about multi-tasking operating system or multi-programmed in this case. A system has nine characteristics. 0000006958 00000 n The characteristics of the audio and video files are very different from the traditional text files that the current file system were designed for. Multimedia kind of data consists of continuous media in the form of files (audio or video) data as well as conventional files to run. Further, an operating system manages all the components and devices of the computers system including modems, printers, plotters, etc. Single-client operating systems have no offices to recognize clients, yet may enable different projects to keep running couple. A multimedia system is characteritized by computer control, integration production, manipulation, presentation storage and communication of independent information which is encoded at least through a continuous (time dependent) and a discrete (time independent) medium. 0000008225 00000 n endstream endobj 174 0 obj << /Type /Encoding /Differences [ 1 /lessequal /braceleftbt /braceleftmid /bracelefttp /braceex /parenrightex /parenrightbt /parenrighttp /parenleftex /parenleftbt /parenlefttp /summation /greaterequal /element /Omega /arrowhorizex /arrowright /arrowdown /arrowleft 40 /parenleft /parenright 43 /plus 60 /less /equal /greater 128 /bullet 138 /minus 215 /multiply ] >> endobj 175 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /Helvetica-Bold >> endobj 176 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /Helvetica >> endobj 177 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Encoding 174 0 R /BaseFont /Symbol /ToUnicode 173 0 R >> endobj 178 0 obj [ /ICCBased 198 0 R ] endobj 179 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /Times-Roman >> endobj 180 0 obj 544 endobj 181 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 180 0 R >> stream
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