share. Yes Analyzed the data: RAJ YXW SPJ JBJ. Muscles of the Face Origins+Insertions study guide by lkerr94 includes 68 questions covering vocabulary, terms and more. Statistical analysis was performed using a commercially available statistical software package (SPSS for Windows, version 22.0, IBM-SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Depressor anguli oris pulls the angle of the mouth inferolaterally. The mean inter-eye difference was 4.01 ± 2.94° (median: 3.49°; range: 0.00–22.3°). The eyes are paired, sensory organs that enable vision. It may indicate that the axial elongation associated changes including thinning of the sclera and choroid, enlargement of the optic nerve head with subsequent thinning of the lamina cribrosa and peripapillary scleral flange, and the development of myopic maculopathy including occurrence of macular Bruch’s membrane defects, do not include a change in the disc-fovea angle [24,25,26]. Function. Rohrschneider measured the disc-fovea angle in 104 healthy individuals with an age ranging between about 20 years and 80 years and found a mean value of 5.6 ± 3.3° [1]. In fact, you're so unique that science hasn't even caught up with you yet. The model proposed by Denniss and colleagues predicted that changes in the position of the optic disc resulted in retinal nerve fibers being distributed differently around the disc [8,12,13]. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Amini et al. Since they were no longer significantly associated with the disc-fovea angle, we then dropped from the list of independent parameters body height (P = 0.96), degree of cortical cataract (P = 0.99), subfoveal choroidal thickness (P = 0.69), area of parapapillary beta zone (P = 0.70), disc-fovea distance (P = 0.32), RNFL thickness temporal (P = 0.60), and body weight (P = 0.22). Although the study participants were asked to keep their head in a vertical position and although the head position was checked by the examiner, minor head torsions will have had an impact on the orientation of the fundus photographs and thus on the measurements of the disc-fovea angle. filler? The Beijing Eye Study 2011 is a population-based cross-sectional survey performed in Northern China and which has been described in detail previously [26,27]. Potential weaknesses of our study should be discussed. broad scope, and wide readership – a perfect fit for your research every time. The Medical Ethics Committee of the Beijing Tongren Hospital approved the study protocol and all participants gave informed written consent. The degree of cataract was determined using the standardized lens photographs as described recently [29]. Citation: Jonas RA, Wang YX, Yang H, Li JJ, Xu L, Panda-Jonas S, et al. From the list of independent parameters we then dropped step by step those parameters which were no longer significantly associated. No, Is the Subject Area "Nerve fibers" applicable to this article? Interestingly, the disc-fovea angle was not significantly associated with axial length. Readable fundus photographs were available for 6043 eyes of 3052 (88.0%) individuals with a mean age of 63.6±9.3 years (range: 50–91 years) and a mean axial length of 23.2±1.0 mm (range: 18.96–28.87 mm). Superior: bilateral contraction-protrusion and depression Inferior: unilateral contraction-lateral deviation. The muscle is innervated by the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve and receives its blood supply from the facial artery . Turns out you have Fovea inferior Anguli Oris” … It may show the clinical importance of the disc-fovea angle and may warrant getting it automatically measured by imaging devices and included into algorithms for the morphologic diagnosis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. This anatomy is responsible for the depression in the center of the fovea. It may therefore be taken into account if the RNFL thickness pattern is used for a morphological detection of optic nerve diseases including glaucoma. Yes Similar results could be obtained applying the model described by Jansonius and colleagues [9]. The relationship between DFA and various anatomic variables was explored. : Aditus laryngis) laringa adito ~ orbitaire (anat., nom sc. Sixth, we tested many parameters in the univariate analysis for an association with the disc-fovea angle, including those variables that primarily might not have been expected to be reasonably associated with the disc-fovea angle. As a result, the inferior oblique muscle will move by extortion (excloduction). If you manage to submit early, that would be amazing. reported that adjusting for the disc-fovea angle improved the prediction of glaucoma by the RNFL assessment for some fundus sectors [11]. Yes This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. Fovea- Latin for small pit. The mean inter-eye difference was 4.01 ± 2.94° (median: 3.49°; range: 0.00-22.3°). is there a more permeant option? Click through the PLOS taxonomy to find articles in your field. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141771.t001. For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click Thank you. No, Is the Subject Area "Retinal degeneration" applicable to this article? Asked By: Anastasia3866. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141771.g001. The depressor anguli oris muscle is associated with frowning, as it works to pull down the edges of the lips. The clinically most important association between the disc-fovea angle and other parameters may be the relationship between a larger disc-fovea angle and thinner RNFL superiorly and thicker RNFL inferiorly (Table 2). There are no further patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. The structure-function relationship describes the association between psychophysical deficits, e.g., perimetric defects, and structural changes such as retinal nerve fiber layer defects [18–20]. No, Is the Subject Area "Glaucoma" applicable to this article? Close • Posted by. To determine the optic disc-fovea angle (defined as angle between the horizontal and the line between the optic disc center and the fovea) and to assess its relationships with ocular and systemic parameters. The latter included measurement of visual acuity, slit lamp examination of the anterior and posterior segment of the eye, and digital photography of the cornea, lens, macula and optic disc and fundus photography (fundus camera Type CR6-45NM; Canon Inc., Tokyo, Japan). found that the position of the optic nerve head had a significant effect on the corresponding position of test positions in the visual field [6]. From board-certified doctors … Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LX JBJ. Pekel and associates included 90 eyes of 45 healthy individuals with a mean age of 27.3 ± 6.6 years into their study and found a mean disc-fovea angle of 5.24 ± 1.77° in dominant eyes and of 5.49 ± 2.58° in the nondominant eyes without a significant (P = 0.51) between both [3]. increased corneal astigmatism) and an abnormally shaped posterior segment. The DFA measurements were repeated in 24 eyes. No, Is the Subject Area "Optic nerve" applicable to this article? For the inter-individual comparisons, only eye selected per subject was included into the statistical analysis. Asaoka and colleagues reported that a new visual field test grid with fewer test locations and centered at the optic disc had a stronger structure-function correlation than the conventional 24–2 visual field test [7]. lateral pterygoid insertion . In a third step, we conducted a multivariate regression analysis, with the disc-fovea angle as dependent variable and all those parameters as independent variables which were significantly associated with the disc-fovea angle in the univariate analysis. The raphe-fovea-disc angle was 9.3° ± 3.6°. Le corps géniculé latéral ou CGL (corpus geniculatum laterale, anciennement corps genouillé latéral ou corps genouillé externe) du thalamus est une partie du cerveau qui traite l'information visuelle provenant de la rétine.. Les termes scientifiques « géniculé » et « genouillé » viennent du latin : geniculatum, geniculatus, « courbé à la manière d'un genou plié ». Since ocular dimensions may differ between ethnicities, the measurements obtained in our study population may not directly be transferred onto other populations. Yes The preoperative logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for eyes with fovea-on RRD was significantly better than that for eyes with fovea … Besides the most seen dimples in our face, buccal and mental; rarely inferior to the level of anguli oris, fovea inferior anguli oris can also be seen. In their 2017 case report, the researchers in Turkey noted that there haven't been any studies demonstrating "the frequency of this different kind [of] dimple." Pterygoid fovea Assoc Prof Frank Gaillard et al. It refers to variables such as the region of habitation or the level of education. The frequency of occurrence is unknown. idols with fovea inferior anguli oris (mouth corner dimples) Discussion in 'Celebrity Zone' started by lirila, Nov 18, 2020. An icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT, Spectralis®, Heidelberg Engineering Co., Heidelberg, Germany), also with the enhanced depth imaging modality, was performed after pupil dilation to measure the thickness of the RNFL and of the subfoveal choroid [28]. All these studies including our investigation agree upon that the disc-fovea angle influences the pattern of the RNFL thickness. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141771.t002. Lamparter and colleagues found that the position of the optic nerve head in relation to the fovea was the most prominent predictor for variations in the mapping of retinal locations of visual field to the optic nerve head, followed by other parameters such as disc area, axial length, refractive error, disc shape, disc orientation, and disc tilt [10]. measured the disc-fovea angle on scanning laser ophthalmoscope fundus images from 110 normal eyes and glaucomatous eyes and reported on a mean angle of 6.6 ± 3.4° in the normal eyes and of 7.9 ± 3.9° in the glaucomatous eyes [11]. After a short inferior course, it blends with the modiolus at the angle of the lips. First, fundus photographs were assessed for 88.0% of the overall study participants, and the original participation rate of all eligible subjects in the Beijing Eye Study was 78.8%. Vous pouvez modifier vos choix à tout moment dans vos paramètres de vie privée. Amini et al. OC. Reasons for the discrepancy between the studies may be differences in the ethnic background, and to a smaller degree, differences in age. Competing interests: Jost B. Jonas: Consultant for Allergan Inc.; Merck Sharp & Dohme Co., Inc.; Alimera Co.; Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Sanofi Co.; Patent holder with Biocompatible UK Ltd. (Title: Treatment of eye diseases using encapsulated cells encoding and secreting neuroprotective factor and / or anti-angiogenic factor; Patent number: 20120263794), and patent application with university of Heidelberg (Title: Agents for use in the therapeutic or prophylactic treatment of myopia or hyperopia; Europäische Patentanmeldung 15 000 771.4). Yes The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The disc-fovea angle was not significantly associated with the systemic parameters of level of gender (P = 0.09), region of habitation (P = 0.54), waist circumference (P = 0.54), level of education (P = 0.82), body mass index (P = 0.32), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.58), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.84), blood concentration of glucose (P = 0.51), low-density lipoproteins (P = 0.31), triglycerides (P = 0.25) and of cholesterol (P = 0.30), or with the ocular parameters of central corneal thickness (P = 0.83), anterior corneal curvature radius (P = 0.33), anterior chamber depth (P = 0.054), lens thickness (P = 0.07), axial length (P = 0.58), refractive error (P = 0.56), axis of the cylindrical refractive error (P = 0.07), prevalence of refractive high myopia (defined as myopic refractive error of more than -8 diopters) (P = 0.47), prevalence of axial high myopia (defined as axial length ≥26.5 mm) (P = 0.84), mean RNFL thickness (P = 0.053), prevalence of localized retinal nerve fiber layer defects (P = 0.06), parapapillary alpha zone (P = 0.92), optic disc area (P = 0.09), prevalence of early age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (P = 0.68), intermediate AMD (P = 0.68) or any AMD (P = 0.86), degree of nuclear cataract (PP = 0.26) and subcapsular posterior cataract (PP = 0.99), prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (P = 0.20), intraocular pressure (P = 0.21), and prevalence of open-angle glaucoma (P = 0.63) and angle-closure glaucoma (P = 0.94). Yahoo fait partie de Verizon Media. Affiliations The values on the disc-fovea angle described above are similar or smaller than the mean value found in our study population with a mean disc-fovea angle of 8.71 ± 3.63°. These variables however, were strongly correlated with axial length and myopia which were some of the key parameters to be tested for associations with the disc-fovea angle. In a second step of the analysis, we analyzed the associations between the disc-fovea angle and one of any other ocular and systemic variables by linear regression. Mean disc-fovea angle was 7.76 ± 3.63° (median: 7.65°; range: -6.3° to 28.9°) (Fig 1). here. We also … Yes Chimples. 70% Upvoted. Nos partenaires et nous-mêmes stockerons et/ou utiliserons des informations concernant votre appareil, par l’intermédiaire de cookies et de technologies similaires, afin d’afficher des annonces et des contenus personnalisés, de mesurer les audiences et les contenus, d’obtenir des informations sur les audiences et à des fins de développement de produit. This relative weakness of the association holds true for the multivariate analysis as well as for the univariate associations (Table 1). Other than that, I havent been able to find anything out. (anat.) lateral pterygoid action. : Aditus ad antrum) adito al antro ~ laryngé (anat., nom sc. The fovea is a depression in the inner retinal surface, about 1.5 mm wide, the photoreceptor layer of which is entirely cones and which is specialized for maximum visual acuity. All parameters which were significantly (P<0.05) associated with the disc-fovea angle in the univariate analysis were included into the list of independent parameters. Is there anything I can do to smooth out the skin on my chin? If RNFL thickness in the inferior segment was dropped from the model and RNFL thickness in the temporal inferior sector was added, higher RNFL thickness in the temporal inferior segment was associated with a larger disc fovea angle (P = 0.002; beta: 0.07). PLoS ONE 10(11): Assessable fundus photographs for the determination of the disc-fovea angle were available for 6043 eyes of 3052 (88.0%) individuals with a mean age of 63.6 ± 9.3 years (range: 50 to 91 years) and a mean axial length of 23.2 ± 1.0 mm (range: 18.96–28.87 mm). This is a paired set of muscles, with one on either side of the mouth. PLOS ONE promises fair, rigorous peer review, Esperanta-franca vortaro pri anatomio. 95% confidence intervals (CI) were presented. Mean disc-fovea angle was in the right eye 6.49 ± 3.25° and in the left eye 5.80 ± 3.29° without a statistically significant difference between both eyes (P = 0.13). Modiolus is a fibromuscular nodule at the angle of the mouth formed by at least nine muscles. Wrote the paper: RAJ YXW HY JJL LX SPJ JBJ. This was subdivided into the superior and inferior vessel angle (SVA and IVA respectively—see fig 1). What are your thoughts? Is the Subject Area "Eyes" applicable to this article? Summary. Future studies may address potential associations between a larger disc-fovea angle and retinal vein occlusions and between the disc-fovea angle and the neuroretinal rim shape. For example, moving the disc superiorly resulted in more fibers entering the inferior portion of the disc, which matched the results of the present study. Theres not much on google, and it all seems to be about the same lady, although I've found a total of 5 images of this in other people. In the final model (coefficient of determination r2: 0.08), larger disc-fovea angle was associated with older age (P = 0.009), thinner RNFL in the nasal superior sector (P<0.001), superior sector (P<0.001) and temporal superior sector (P<0.001) and thicker RNFL in the inferior sector (P<001), nasal inferior sector (P<0.001) and nasal sector (P = 0.007), higher prevalence of retinal vein occlusion (P = 0.02), and with larger cylindrical refractive error (P = 0.04) (Table 2). OC. Découvrez comment nous utilisons vos informations dans notre Politique relative à la vie privée et notre Politique relative aux cookies. Informations sur votre appareil et sur votre connexion Internet, y compris votre adresse IP, Navigation et recherche lors de l’utilisation des sites Web et applications Verizon Media. All P-values were two-sided and were considered statistically significant if the values were smaller than 0.05. plenkreska; adolta; seksmatura aiguillon (anat., déf. July 11, 2018. . Depressor anguli oris is supplied by the inferior labial and mental arteries, which are branches of the facial artery and maxillary artery, respectively. A detailed ophthalmic examination was carried out. In univariate analysis, disc-fovea angle was significantly associated with the systemic parameters of older age (P<0.001; r: 0.09), lower body height (P = 0.02; r: -0.04), lower body weight (P = 0.04; r: -0.04), and with the ocular parameters of higher cylindrical refractive error (P = 0.001; r: 0.06), thinner subfoveal choroidal thickness (P = 0.005; r: -0.05), larger parapapillary beta zone (P = 0.02; r: 0.05), shorter disc-fovea distance (P = 0.006; r: -0.05), higher degree of cortical cataract (PP = 0.04; r: 0.04), higher prevalence of retinal vein occlusions (P = 0.007; r: 0.05), thinner RNFL nasal superior (P<0.001; r: -0.15), superior (P<0.001; r: -0.13), temporal superior (P<0.001; r: -0.14), and temporal (P = 0.03; r: -0.04), and thicker RNFL inferior (P = 0.02; r: 0.04), nasal inferior (P = 0.001; r: 0.06), nasal (P = 0.01; r: 0.05), and a higher ratio of inferior RNFL (temporal inferior plus nasal inferior) to superior RNFL thickness (temporal superior plus nasal superior) (P<0.001; r: 0.20) (Table 1).
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