Die Krönung Napoleons I - Coronation of Napoleon I. Aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie. This page was last edited on 19 December 2020, at 02:33. Laurent Salomé, Director of the national museum. I don't want to descend from anyone. Masson, Frederic; Cobb. Napoleon was simply symbolizing that he was becoming emperor based on his own merits and the will of the people, not because of some religious consecration. About the Coronation painting The Coronation, which was located in this room and actually shows the coronation of Empress Josephine, was moved from Versailles to the Louvre in Paris in 1889. )[11] The two parts of the ceremony were held at different ends of Notre Dame to contrast its religious and secular facets. [10] (The ormolu fitting from the carriage was owned for several years by American preservationist Jim Williams. The Duchess of Abrantes was the wife of the French General Jean-Andoche Junot. It marked "the instantiation of modern empire" and was a "transparently masterminded piece of modern propaganda". To this end, he designed a new coronation ceremony unlike that for the kings of France, which had emphasized the king's consecration (sacre) and anointment and was conferred by the archbishop of Reims in Reims Cathedral. - Wallpaper Abyss Long live the Emperor! Because the traditional royal crown had been destroyed during the French Revolution, the so-called Crown of Napoleon, made to look medieval and called the "crown of Charlemagne" for the occasion,[7]:55 was waiting on the altar. The coronation of Napoleon as Emperor of the French took place on Sunday December 2, 1804 at Notre-Dame de Paris in Paris. [2]:243, When Pope Pius VII agreed to come to Paris to officiate at Napoleon's coronation, it was initially established that it would follow the coronation liturgy in the Roman Pontifical. Finden Sie hilfreiche Kundenrezensionen und Rezensionsbewertungen für The Coronation of Napoleon I auf Amazon.de. After the epistle, the articles of the imperial regalia were individually blessed,[nb 4] and delivered[nb 5] to the Emperor and Empress. [nb 7] Limited in his actions, Pius VII proclaimed further the Latin formula Vivat imperator in aeternum! Les branches étaient garnies de diamants, quatre en forme de feuilles de palmier, et quatre en feuilles de myrte. [17], In addition to David's paintings, a commemorative medal was struck with the reverse design by Antoine-Denis Chaudet. According to government tallies, the entire cost was over 8.5 million francs. His irresistible ascent to power culminated in his coronation as the Emperor of France in 1804. A translation of this prayer may be found at, The blessings for the sword, rings, gloves, the Hand of Justice and the scepter were taken from the, The forms for the delivery of the sword, rings, gloves, Hand of Justice and the scepter were also from the. The crowning of Napoleon took place at Notre-Dame in Paris on 2 December 1804, and David was chosen to record four scenes, the best-known being Napoleon Crowning the Empress Josephine, now in the Louvre. [7]:54 The number of onlookers, as estimated by Wairy, was between four and five thousand, many of whom had held their places all night through intermittent showers that cleared in the morning. "[14] British historian Vincent Cronin wrote in his book Napoleon Bonaparte: An Intimate Biography "Napoleon told Pius that he would be placing the crown on his own head. Napoleon brought together various rites and customs, incorporating ceremonies of Carolingian tradition, the Ancien Régime and the French Revolution, all presented in sumptuous luxury. It is seen several times in the movie Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil. Each gesture and prayer had been debated and agreed upon beforehand, from the reduction of the number of unctions, the introduction of the honours of Charlemagne to the crowning moment and Napoleon's taking of … [18], This article is about the event. [citation needed], After the coronation the Emperor presented the imperial standards to each of his regiments. The coronation of Napoleon in Notre Dame on 2 December 1804 was built upon a number of contradictory concepts. It's held in the Louvre Museum in Paris, France. Napoleon … For the painting, see. Dieser Artikel ist über die Veranstaltung. As for the omitted Roman formula Accipe coronam..., which depicted the monarch as receiving his crown from the Church, its use would have clashed with Napoleon's decision to crown himself. Georges Rouget … Although it was a Sunday, the local Parisians did not come to attend the Sunday mass but rather to witness an event with incredible significance in European history. The magnificent church of Notre Dame in Paris was particularly full on the 2nd of December, 1804. The Pope, mitre on his head, is giving a benediction. [6] The crowning formula was varied to use a plural form ("Coronet vos..." instead of "Coronet te..."), precisely because the Coronation of Josephine followed immediately after the assumption of the Crown by Napoleon. To this end, he designed a new coronation … Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. Die Wirren des Zweiten Koalitionskrieges nutzte er für den Staatsstreich des 18. Frederic (translator). Napoleon wanted to establish the legitimacy of his imperial reign and new nobility. We have not taken account of the French ‘programme’ for the ceremony prepared by Napoleon’s grand master of […] It has since been replaced by a second copy that David painted in Paris and then in Brussels in 1808-1822, for a group of American businessmen. Napoleon is dep… Napoleon's coronation, at which Pope Pius VII officiated, took place at Notre Dame de Paris, on 2 December 1804. 2200. Napoleon's elevation to emperor was overwhelmingly approved by the French citizens in the French constitutional referendum of 1804. Wählen Sie Ihre Cookie-Einstellungen. The mantle weighed at least eighty pounds and was supported by four dignitaries. "[15] At Napoleon's enthronement the Pope said, "May God confirm you on this throne and may Christ give you to rule with him in his eternal kingdom". An unmanned balloon, ablaze with three thousand lights in an imperial crown pattern, was launched from the front of Notre Dame during the celebration. Napoleon wanted to establish legitimacy of his Imperial reign, … Napoleon wears his coronation robe, which is similar to the robes worn by Roman emperors. Brumaire VIII (9. Géraldine Bidault, responsible for the photographic library and digitalization of … Photographs © Fondation Napoléon – Patrice Maurin-Berthier. Exhibited only at the Louvre, then at the Salon of 1808, it was shown again in 1810 for the ten-yearly competition (Concours décennal), but the emperor’s remarriage in this year made it impossible for the painting to be installed in any palace: the French Empire’s most famous painting would have been seen by the public for barely six months at the most…. [8]:299 Josephine was at the same time formally clothed in a similar crimson velvet mantle embroidered with bees in gold thread and lined with ermine, which was borne by Napoleon's three sisters. Bernard Picart, "Histoire des religions et des moeurs de tous les peuples du monde, Volume 5", Paris, 1819, p.293, Markham, J. David, Napoleon for Dummies, 2005, p. 286, Consecration of the Emperor Napoleon I and Coronation of the Empress Josephine in the Cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris on December 2, 1804, Napoleon Bonaparte: An Intimate Biography, Napoleon's Coronation as Emperor of the French, "J. David Markham Napoleonic History – Welcome to Napoleonic History! It marked "the instantiation of modern empire" and was a "transparently masterminded piece of modern propaganda". David Jacques-Louis David executed The Coronation of Napoleon in 1807. Napoleon Bonaparte in coronation robes as Emperor Napoleon I of France, crowned in Notre Dame, Paris - 2 December 1804. [9], Before entering Notre Dame, Napoleon was vested in a long white satin tunic embroidered in gold thread and Josephine similarly wore a white satin empire-style dress embroidered in gold thread. The coronation of Napoleon as Emperor of the French took place on Sunday December 2, 1804 (11 Frimaire, Year XIII according to the French Republican Calendar) at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. The person sitting to the right of Napoleon is Pope Pius VII. The coronation of Napoleon as Emperor that took place on Sunday, December 2, 1804, was a masterful act of propaganda. It marked "the instantiation of modern empire" and was a "transparently masterminded piece of modern propaganda". Signed and dated 1805, this major sketch is the most complete of the three known preparatory sketches showing the entire … Thierry Gausseron, General Administrator. "[16] During the people's acclamations Napoleon, surrounded by dignitaries, left the cathedral while the choir sang "Domine salvum fac imperatorem nostrum Napoleonem"—"God save our Emperor Napoleon". Napoleons Brüder und Schwestern, Trauzeugin, Prinzessinnen, die das Gefolge der Kaiserin bilden; drehte sich zu dem Betrachter, Napoleons Mutter, Madame Sue, Madame de Fontanges, Monsieur de Cosse-Brissac, Monsieur de Laville und General Bowman. However, for the Coronation of Napoleon and Josephine, each of those steps was performed jointly, so that Josephine was anointed immediately after Napoleon, and each item of regalia was delivered to her immediately after being given to him, a procedure that found no precedent either in the Roman Pontifical or in the French Ceremonial. The painting has impressive dimensions as it's about 33 feet wide by approximately 20 feet tall. Two separate crowns were brought for the ceremony: a golden laurel wreath recalling the Roman Empire and a replica of Charlemagne's crown. This enthronement formula was a new composition, different from all the variations of the traditional "Sta et retine..." formula usually employed in Western Coronation rites; even the starting words of the formula were different, and in all probability the traditional prayer was abandoned because it specified too clearly that the monarch received the Throne from the bishops and was a mediator between clergy and people. In 2005, a digital depiction of the coronation was made by Vaughan Hart, Peter Hicks and Joe Robson for the "Nelson and Napoleon" Exhibition at the National Maritime Museum. [6] Also, the special rite composed ad hoc allowed Napoleon to remain mostly seated and not kneeling during the delivery of the regalia and during several other ceremonies, and reduced his acceptance of the oath demanded by the Church in the beginning of the liturgy to one word only. [8]:301, The ceremony started at 9 a.m. when the Papal procession set out from the Tuileries led by a bishop on a mule holding aloft the Papal crucifix. The Emperor and Empress were both anointed on their heads and on both hands with chrism–the Emperor with the prayers, "God, the Son of God..."[6][nb 3] and "God who established Hazael over Syria...",[6] the Empress with the prayer, "God the Father of eternal glory..." – while the antiphon Unxerunt Salomonem Sadoc Sacerdos... ("Zadok the priest...") was sung. Commissioned by Napoleon, with no specific destination, as early as October 1804, "The Coronation of Napoléon" by Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825) (Louvre Museum) was supposed to depict the forthcoming ceremony of 2 December at Notre-Dame. The Coronation of Napoleon Bonaparte as Emperor was the subject of a painting commissioned from the painter David. Für die Malerei finden Die Krönung von Napoleon. Napoleon was crowned Emperor of the French on Sunday, December 2, 1804 (11 Frimaire, Year XIII according to the French Republican calendar), at Notre-Dame de Paris in Paris. The work was commissioned by Napoleon in September 1804 and David started working on the picture on 21 December 1805 in the former chapel of the College of Cluny which served as a workshop near the Sorbonne. An unforgettable scene. He blesses the … Signed in pen and black ink, bottom left: David f. et in. ", "Coronation and consecration of Napoleon I", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coronation_of_Napoleon_I&oldid=995076280, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2014, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Dwyer, Philip. Originaldatei ‎ (2.200 × 1.375 Pixel, Dateigröße: 3,69 MB, MIME-Typ: image/jpeg). Credits: Story. In essence, French and Roman elements were combined into a new rite unique to the occasion. David later abandoned this gesture, but Napoléon had him paint it back in in January 1808. [3], On May 18, 1804, the Sénat conservateur vested the Republican government of the French First Republic in an emperor, and preparations for a coronation followed. Napoleon wanted to establish the legitimacy of his imperial reign, with its new dynasty and new nobility. With the substitution of the word "emperor" for "king" and the addition of the words "and of his consort" to the original prayer from the Roman Rite; a similar, but more elaborate prayer, specifically mentioning the " kingdoms of the Franks, the Burgundians, and of Aquitania" existed in the traditional French royal coronation rite. 94. In fact, the complicated hybrid liturgy compiled for Napoleon's coronation on 2 December, 1804, was produced by a committee of French and papal negotiators. [9] The Pope entered Notre Dame first, to the anthem Tu es Petrus, and took his seat on a throne near the high altar. Dezember 1804 von Jacques-Louis David … There is an anecdotal account that just as Josephine reached the top of the steps of the high altar to be crowned, Napoleon's sisters deliberately gave her mantle a sudden tug which momentarily caused her to lose her balance, but she did not fall as her sisters-in-law had intended. Napoleon even succeeded in bringing about peace by defeating Austria and, for a time, quelling Britain’s efforts to stand against the French military. "[citation needed], According to Louis Constant Wairy, Napoleon awoke at 8:00 a.m. to the sound of a cannonade and left the Tuileries at 11:00 a.m. in a white velvet vest with gold embroidery and diamond buttons, a crimson velvet tunic and a short crimson coat with satin lining, a wreath of laurel on his brow. It is called Coronation of the Emperorand was painted between 1806 and 1807. [citation needed], The coronation proper began with the singing of the hymn, Veni Creator Spiritus, followed by the versicle, "Lord, send forth your Spirit" and response, "And renew the face of the earth" and the collect for the Feast of Pentecost, "God, who has taught the hearts of your faithful by sending them the light of your Holy Spirit,..." After this the prayer, "Almighty, everlasting God, the Creator of all..."[nb 2] During the Litany of the Saints, the Emperor and Empress remained seated, only kneeling for special petitions. Napoleon was crowned Emperor of the French on Sunday, December 2, 1804 (11 Frimaire, Year XIII according to the French Republican calendar), at Notre-Dame de Paris in Paris. Napoléon insisted that she be represented. Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825) Pen, black ink, grey wash. Frame by Niodot (Lugt 1961 a). The Coronation of Napoleon I | Weinberg, Steve | ISBN: 9781540487926 | Kostenloser Versand für alle Bücher mit Versand und Verkauf duch Amazon. The procession was led by a bishop on a mule holding aloft the Papal crucifix. Napoleon's and Joséphine's carriage was drawn by eight bay horses and escorted by grenadiers à cheval and gendarmes d'élite.The two-part ceremony was held at different ends of Notre Dame t… [2]:245, The text was presented to Napoleon by the President of the Senate, the President of Legislature and the most senior President of the Council of State. The Pope knew about this move from the beginning and had no objection (not that it would have mattered). As heir to the French Revolution, Napoleon founded the legitimacy of his new regime on the notion of popular sovereignty. The painter preferred this bold gesture, which did in fact correspond to what actually happened, but which portrayed an image of Napoléonwhich was arrogant and provocative. Krönung Napoleon; Weihe des Kaiser Napoleon I. und Krönung der Kaiserin Josephine in der Kathedrale von Notre-Dame de Paris am 2. While the crown was new, the sceptre was reputed to have belonged to Charles V and the sword to Philip III. It marked "the instantiation of modern empire" and was a "transparently masterminded piece of modern propaganda". [4] However, after the Pope's arrival, Napoleon persuaded the papal delegation to allow the introduction of several French elements in the rite [5] – such as the singing of the Veni Creator followed by the collect of Pentecost for the monarch's entrance procession, the use of Chrism instead of the Oil of Catechumens for the anointing (although the Roman anointing prayers were used), placing the sacred oil on the head and hands rather than the right arm and back of the neck, and the inclusion of several prayers and formulas from the coronations of French kings, to bless the regalia as it was delivered.